CLO-002 Online Practice Questions and Answers

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Operating expenditure (OPEX) fees are variable costs that depend on the usage of cloud services, such as storage, bandwidth, compute, or licensing fees. OPEX fees are typically charged by the cloud provider on a monthly or pay-as-you-go basis. A small business that migrates from on-premises CRM software to a cloud provider must consider the OPEX fees as part of the total cost of ownership (TCO) of the cloud solution. OPEX fees can vary depending on the demand, performance, availability, and scalability of the cloud service. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Exam Objectives1, CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Study Guide, Chapter 2: Business Principles of Cloud Environments

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: The most cost-effective solution for streaming is the one that offers the lowest cost per GB for storage and network. In this case, Provider 4 offers the lowest cost per GB for storage ($0.10) and network ($0.01). Additionally, Provider 4 offers the lowest cost for backup ($5.00) and VM cost ($4.00 per hour). References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 4: Selecting Cloud Service Providers, page 85

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Vendor lock-in is a situation where a customer becomes dependent on a single cloud service provider (CSP) and cannot easily switch to another vendor without substantial cost, technical incompatibility, or legal constraints1. Vendor lock-in is a risk that is most likely to be accepted as a result of transferring business to a single CSP, because it may offer some benefits such as lower prices, higher performance, or better integration. However, vendor lock-in also has some drawbacks, such as reduced flexibility, increased dependency, and limited innovation2. Therefore, customers should carefully weigh the pros and cons of vendor lock-in before choosing a CSP and try to avoid or mitigate it by using open standards, multi-cloud strategies, or contractual agreements3. References: What is vendor lock-in? | Vendor lock-in and cloud computing; What Is Cloud Vendor Lock-In (And How To Break Free)? - CAST AI; CompTIA Cloud Essentials

+ CLO- 002 Study Guide, Chapter 3: Cloud Computing Concepts, page 97.

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: Encryption in transit is the process of protecting data from unauthorized access or modification while it is being transferred from one location to another, such as from an on-premises data center to a cloud service provider. Encryption in transit uses cryptographic techniques to scramble the data and make it unreadable to anyone who intercepts it, except for the intended recipient who has the key to decrypt it. Encryption in transit is one of the best approaches to optimize data security in an IaaS migration, as it reduces the risk of data breaches, tampering, or leakage during the data transfer. Encryption in transit can be implemented using various methods, such as Transport Layer Security (TLS), Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), Internet Protocol Security (IPsec), or Secure Shell (SSH). Encryption in transit is different from other options, such as reviewing the risk register, performing a vulnerability scan, or performing server hardening. Reviewing the risk register is the process of identifying, analyzing, and prioritizing the potential threats and impacts to the data and the cloud environment. Performing a vulnerability scan is the process of detecting and assessing the weaknesses or flaws in the data and the cloud infrastructure that could be exploited by attackers. Performing server hardening is the process of applying security measures and configurations to the cloud servers to reduce their attack surface and improve their resilience. While these options are also important for data security, they do not directly address the data protection during the migration process, which is the focus of the question. References: What is encryption in transit? - Definition from WhatIs.com, Data Encryption in Transit Guidelines - UC Berkeley Security, Cloud Computing Security - CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ (CLO-002) Cert Guide

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Containerization is a software deployment process that bundles an application's code with all the files and libraries it needs to run on any infrastructure. Containerization does not include an underlying operating system that would require patching and management, as containers share the host operating system kernel and run in isolated user spaces. Containerization allows applications to run consistently and portably on any platform or cloud, regardless of the differences in operating systems, hardware, or configurations. Containerization also enables faster and easier deployment, scalability, and fault tolerance of applications. Therefore, containerization would best meet the need of a vendor who wants to distribute a cloud management application in a format that can be used on both public and private clouds. The other options are not relevant to the question. Federation is a process of integrating multiple cloud services or providers to create a unified cloud environment. Collaboration is a process of working together on a shared project or goal using cloud-based tools and platforms. Microservices are a software architecture style that breaks down a complex application into smaller, independent, and loosely coupled services that communicate through APIs. Microservices can be implemented using containers, but they are not a software deployment format. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Containerization. References: What is Containerization? - Containerization Explained - AWS, Containerization Explained | IBM, Microservices and containerisation - what IT manager needs to know, Containerized Microservices - Xamarin | Microsoft Learn.

Correct Answer: C

Explanation: User self-service is a cloud computing feature that allows users to provision, manage, and terminate cloud resources on demand, without the need for human intervention or approval. User self-service enables users to access cloud services through an online control panel, a web portal, or an API. User self-service can improve the agility, efficiency, and scalability of cloud computing, as users can quickly and easily obtain the resources they need, when they need them, and pay only for what they use. User self- service can also reduce the workload and costs of the cloud service provider, as they do not have to manually process requests or allocate resources. In this scenario, a developer is leveraging a public cloud service provider to provision servers using the templates created by the company's cloud engineer. This means that the developer can access the cloud provider's web portal or API, select the desired template, and launch the server instance without waiting for approval or assistance from the cloud provider or the cloud engineer. This is an example of user self-service, as the developer can self-manage the cloud resources according to their needs. References:

1: What is On-Demand Self Service? - Definition from Techopedia

2: What is Self-Service Provisioning in Cloud? | CloudBolt Software CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Study Guide, Second Edition (LO-002), Chapter 2: The Business Side of Cloud Computing, Section 2.1: Cloud Service Models3

Correct Answer: BD

Explanation: A risk analysis is a process of identifying and assessing the potential threats and vulnerabilities that could affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and systems. A SaaS-based human resources portal is a cloud

service that provides access to human resources applications and data over the internet. The human resources department should consider the following requirements when conducting a risk analysis for this service:

Threats: These are the sources or events that could exploit the vulnerabilities of the service and cause harm to the data or systems. For example, malicious actors, natural disasters, power outages, network failures, etc. The human resources

department should identify the possible threats that could affect the SaaS service and evaluate their likelihood and impact.

Vulnerabilities: These are the weaknesses or gaps in the security of the service that could be exploited by the threats. For example, misconfigurations, outdated software, lack of encryption, insufficient authentication, etc. The human

resources department should identify the existing and potential vulnerabilities of the SaaS service and evaluate their severity and exposure. The other options are not relevant for a risk analysis:

Support: This is the assistance or guidance provided by the SaaS provider or a third party to the customers of the service. Support is not a requirement for a risk analysis, but rather a factor to consider when selecting or evaluating a SaaS

provider.

Chargebacks: These are the fees or penalties imposed by the SaaS provider to the customers for exceeding the agreed-upon service levels or usage limits. Chargebacks are not a requirement for a risk analysis, but rather a factor to consider

when negotiating or reviewing the service level agreement (SLA) with the SaaS provider.

Maintenance: This is the process of updating, repairing, or improving the service to ensure its functionality and performance. Maintenance is not a requirement for a risk analysis, but rather a responsibility of the SaaS provider that should be

specified in the SLA.

Gap analysis: This is a process of comparing the current state and the desired state of a system or a process and identifying the gaps or differences between them. Gap analysis is not a requirement for a risk analysis, but rather a tool to use

for planning or implementing improvements or changes.

References:

CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Cloud Concepts and Models, Section 2.3: Cloud Security Concepts, p. 54-55 CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 4: Cloud Business Principles, Section

4.1: Cloud Service Agreements, p. 116-117

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Avoidance is a risk response technique that involves changing the project plan to eliminate the risk or protect the project objectives from its impact. Avoidance can be done by modifying the scope, schedule, cost, or quality of the project. Avoidance is usually the most effective way to deal with a risk, but it may not always be possible or desirable. In this case, the cloud customer is transferring all of its cold storage data to servers in a safer geographic region, which means they are changing the location of their data storage to avoid the risk of a natural disaster affecting their data. This way, they are eliminating the possibility of losing their data due to a natural disaster in their original region. This is an example of avoidance as a risk response technique. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 4: Cloud Security, Section 4.2: Cloud Security Concepts, Page 153. 5 Risk Response Strategies ProjectEngineer1

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: A hybrid cloud migration approach best describes the scenario where a company decides to move some of its computing resources to a public cloud provider but keep the rest in-house. A hybrid cloud is a type of cloud deployment that combines public and private cloud resources, allowing data and applications to move between them. A hybrid cloud can offer the benefits of both cloud models, such as scalability, cost-efficiency, security, and control. A hybrid cloud migration approach can help a company to leverage the advantages of the public cloud for some workloads, while maintaining the on-premise infrastructure for others. For example, a company may choose to migrate its web applications to the public cloud to improve performance and availability, while keeping its sensitive data and legacy systems in the private cloud for compliance and compatibility reasons. A hybrid cloud migration approach can also enable a gradual transition to the cloud, by allowing the company to move workloads at its own pace and test the cloud environment before fully committing to it. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO- 002 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Cloud Concepts, Section 2.1: Cloud Deployment Models, Page 43. What is Hybrid Cloud? Everything You Need to Know - NetApp1

Correct Answer: A

Explanation: Data availability in the cloud refers to the ability of cloud services to provide continuous and uninterrupted access to data, even in the event of a network disruption or a disaster. Resiliency is the ability of a system to recover quickly from failures and restore normal operations. Resiliency is related to data availability in the cloud because it ensures that data is not lost or corrupted due to failures and that data can be accessed by users and applications without delays or errors. Deduplication, scalability, and elasticity are not directly related to data availability in the cloud, although they may have some impact on the performance and efficiency of cloud services. Deduplication is the process of eliminating redundant copies of data to save storage space and bandwidth. Scalability is the ability of a system to handle increasing or decreasing workloads by adding or removing resources. Elasticity is the ability of a system to automatically adjust the amount of resources based on the current demand. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO- 002 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Cloud Concepts, Section 2.3: Cloud Service Characteristics, Page 411

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: Resource tagging is a method of assigning metadata to cloud resources, such as instances, volumes, buckets, databases, etc. Resource tagging can help identify, organize, and manage cloud resources based on various criteria,

such as name, purpose, owner, environment, or cost center1. Resource tagging can also help track and report the costs of cloud resources, as the cloud service provider can generate billing and cost management reports based on the tags

applied to the resources2. Resource tagging is the best option for the business analysis team to report on the costs of the specific cloud application, as it would enable them to separate and filter the costs by the application tag. Right-sizing is

a technique of adjusting the size and type of cloud resources to match the actual needs and usage patterns of an application3. Right-sizing can help optimize the performance and cost of cloud resources, but it does not directly help report on

the costs of the specific cloud application, as it does not provide a way to separate and filter the costs by the application.

Content management is a process of creating, storing, organizing, and delivering digital content, such as documents, images, videos, etc. Content management can help manage the lifecycle and accessibility of digital content, but it does not

directly help report on the costs of the specific cloud application, as it does not provide a way to separate and filter the costs by the application.

Optimization is a process of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of cloud resources, such as by reducing waste, increasing performance, or enhancing security4. Optimization can help improve the quality and value of cloud resources,

but it does not directly help report on the costs of the specific cloud application, as it does not provide a way to separate and filter the costs by the application. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 5: Cloud

Resource Management, pages 187-188.

Correct Answer: B

Explanation: Disaster recovery is the aspect of cloud design that enables a customer to continue doing business after a major data center incident. Disaster recovery is the process of restoring and resuming the normal operations of IT systems and services after a disaster, such as a natural calamity, a cyberattack, a power outage, or a human error1. Disaster recovery involves creating and storing backup copies of critical data and workloads in a secondary location or multiple locations, which are known as disaster recovery sites. A disaster recovery site can be a physical data center or a cloud-based platform2. Disaster recovery in cloud computing offers many advantages, such as34: Cost-effectiveness: Cloud disaster recovery eliminates the need to invest in and maintain expensive hardware, software, and facilities for the secondary site. Cloud disaster recovery also allows customers to pay only for the resources they use, and to scale up or down as needed. Reliability: Cloud disaster recovery ensures that the backup data and workloads are always available and accessible from any location and device. Cloud disaster recovery also leverages the security, performance, and redundancy features of the cloud provider to protect the data and workloads from corruption, loss, or theft. Flexibility: Cloud disaster recovery enables customers to choose from different cloud service models and deployment options, such as public, private, hybrid, or multicloud, depending on their business needs and preferences. Cloud disaster recovery also allows customers to customize and automate their recovery plans and policies, such as recovery point objective (RPO) and recovery time objective (RTO). References: What is Disaster Recovery and Why Is It Important? - Google Cloud, What is Disaster Recovery and Why Is It Important? Disaster Recovery In Cloud Computing: What, How, And Why - NAKIVO, Cloud Disaster Recovery vs. Traditional Disaster Recovery. Benefits of Disaster Recovery in Cloud Computing - NAKIVO, Benefits of Cloud- Based Disaster Recovery. Cloud Disaster Recovery (Cloud DR): What It Is and How It Works

-phoenixNAP, Benefits of Cloud Disaster Recovery.

Correct Answer: C

Explanation: Infrastructure as code (IaC) is a software engineering approach that allows the provisioning and management of infrastructure resources using code and automation1. It involves defining infrastructure configurations and

provisioning them through code, rather than manually configuring and managing infrastructure resources2. One of the main reasons for using IaC is to capture the system configurations to track changes and remediate configuration drift3.

Configuration drift is the phenomenon where the actual state of an infrastructure resource deviates from its desired state over time due to manual interventions, updates, patches, or other factors. Configuration drift can cause inconsistencies,

errors, and security issues in the infrastructure environment. IaC helps to prevent and detect configuration drift by storing the infrastructure configuration code in a version control system and applying it consistently across all environments.

IaC also enables the use of automated testing and validation tools to verify the compliance and functionality of the infrastructure resources. By using IaC, DevOps teams can ensure that the infrastructure is always in a known and reproducible

state, and that any changes are documented and traceable. References: 1: https://technology.gov.capital/infrastructure-as- code-iac/ 2: https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/iac/ 3: https://learn.microsoft.com/en- us/devops/deliver/what-isinfrastructure-as-code :

https://www.comptia.org/training/books/cloud-essentials-clo-002-study-guide, Chapter 5, page 179-180

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: A hybrid cloud is a cloud deployment model that has on-premises and off-site data. A hybrid cloud is a combination of public and private clouds that are connected by a common network and share data and applications. A hybrid cloud allows an organization to leverage the benefits of both public and private clouds, such as scalability, cost-efficiency, security, and control. A hybrid cloud also enables an organization to move workloads and data between the clouds based on performance, availability, compliance, and cost requirements. For example, an organization can use a private cloud for sensitive data and applications, and a public cloud for less critical data and applications, or for temporary or seasonal workloads. A hybrid cloud can also provide backup and disaster recovery solutions by replicating data and applications between the clouds. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ CLO-002 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Cloud Computing Concepts, page 511. Cloud Deployment Models: What's the Difference? | VMware News and Stories2. What are the different types of cloud computing? | Google Cloud3. 5 Types of Cloud Deployment Models and How to Use Them

-MUO4.

Correct Answer: D

Explanation: BYOL stands for Bring Your Own License, which is a cloud service model that allows customers to use their existing software licenses when migrating to the cloud. BYOL can help customers to reduce costs, avoid vendor lock-in, and leverage their existing investments in software. BYOL is the most cost-effective option when moving to the cloud for a company that has a perpetual license for a database application, as it does not require paying additional fees for the cloud provider's license or subscription. However, BYOL may have some limitations, such as compatibility, compliance, or support issues, depending on the cloud provider and the software vendor. Therefore, customers should carefully review the terms and conditions of their licenses and the cloud provider's policies before choosing BYOL. References: CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Certification Exam Objectives1, CompTIA Cloud Essentials+ Study Guide, Chapter 2: Business Principles of Cloud Environments2, What is BYOL (Bring Your Own License)?3